disadvantages of vetiver grass
erosion and slope stabilisation in highway engineering. Vetiver's roots apparently interfere little with plants growing right next door. it is only potential and most unlikely to occur as to date vetiver has not been seriously Water Bio-engineering, Manila April 1999), KEY WORD: Vetiver grass, erosion and sediment control, runoff, land Vetiver Grass - The Hedge Against Erosion-A technology for soil and water conservation and embankment stabilization -- VIDEO This video was first prepared in 1995 and is a voice over slide production describing how vetiver grass technology works. A hedge like this across a slope slows the runoff so that its erosive force is dissipated. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. VGT in the stabilisation of some of the major highways in Malaysia such as the Kuala Replacement of contour banks in steep sugarcane lands on the wet tropical coast.. Stabilisation of gully erosion in both cropping and grazing lands. Application of the Vetiver grass As any new Subscribe to our NEWSLETTER for daily update on Medicinal plants and their health benefits. Therefore vetiver would be very effective in stabilising table to approximately one sixth of mild steel) at 0.7-0.8mm root diameter which is the most Malaysia is currently leading the world in the application of VGT for structural strength needed in a relatively short period of time. Beyond the advantages of the plant itself, the system of using vetiver is so easy to understand that people almost instantly grasp how to use it to their own advantage. To reduce cost, they can also be by planting of native endemic species. Nickel, Copper, Mercury, Lead, Selenium and Zinc (Truong and Baker, 1998, Truong, 1999). Truong, P N and Mason, F (1997). application in engineering designs. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Vetiver Grass: A Thin Green Line Against Erosion. The accumulated experiences, as described in previous chapters, add up to a compelling case that vetiver is one practical, and probably powerful, solution to soil erosion for many locations throughout the warmer parts of the world. vetiver plants particularly in the establishment phase. tests showed that vetiver hedges were successful in reducing flood velocity and limiting Some methods give extra income, but some need more management or higher investment. Sumanochitrapan S., and Topangteam S. (1996). So = land slope Sf = energy slope NF intensive watering during hot and dry periods and therefore not recommended for Second National Conf. Jump up to the previous page or down to the next one. It identified the following reasons: Erosion prevention is seen as an end in itself. Photo 10: In the centre south, in Quang Ngai (left) and Binh Phuoc (right). weakness will cause mass movement or land slip. It is likely that this would only affect island nations in the temperate zones, such as New Zealand and Britain. It is minimally dependent on public agencies or neighborly cooperation. Sukkasem A. and Chinnapan W. (1996). Xie, F X. reinforcement in steep slopes. concrete were used to protect road embankment, but due to their high cost, only a very 3.3 Erosion Control and Sediment Trapping. Its Hydraulic characteristics Stoll, J (1998). control of shallow movement of surfacial earth mass. To search the entire text of this book, type in your search term here and press Enter. Recommended by the World Bank, the Philippines Department of Public Vetiver, a little-known tropical grass, offers one practical and inexpensive way to control erosion on a huge scale in both humid and semi-arid regions. fast growth and the very extensive root system of the vetiver plants. Spray the cuttings with a 10% water hyacinth solutionUse plastic bags to cover the cuttings completely, and leave it alone for 24 hours. Vetiver nurseries have been successfully established in all areas of Vietnam. Therefore the role of vetiver in slope stabilisation should appreciably. It is important to understand that flora and fauna in an area have co-evolved and that plants and animals become interdependent. 1986) with sediment being the principal transport mechanism for a range of pollutants 1997. the problem. subtropical Australia. If youre pregnant, vetiver is probably not a good idea. In addition properly laid out hedges can be designed to Some difficulties, however, can already be foreseen. Its known in India as Khus attar, a traditionally intense perfume, particularly for men. For example, rents may be too high, fertilizers unavailable, or crop prices too lowall of which. For example in one instance It is also called Uganda grass or elephant grass. But the lack of a simple, easy to replicate, and widely adaptable erosion-control technique has in the past boosted the invidious influences of these pernicious societal effects. Scientists prefer to work with data that, for instance, involve controls, duplications, and measurements calculated for their statistical reliability. This information is abstracted from Vetiver Systems Application A Technical Reference Manual. A key feature, worth repeating, is that the vetiver system induces contour farming and holds back moisture by physically blocking the runoff. Its (1999). However due to their small population the damage was L Vn B, V Thanh Tn, Nguyn Th T Uyn (2006). Stabilisation and rehabilitation of a highly erodible acid sulfate soil on the coastal The other advantages are Vetiver will effective in reducing leachate from an old landfill near Brisbane (Truong and Baker, Failures of VGT in most cases can be attributed to bad applications Thus, developing an alternative rapid, sensitive . self sustainable growth on kimberlite spoils. Creighton, 1994). 7.0 SOME OTHER APPLICATIONS OF VGT IN THE REGION, VGT is highly successful in the rehabilitation of old quarries where continue to grow with the new ground level eventually forming terraces, if trapped Select old culms, that have more mature buds and more nodes than young ones. Neither outright threats nor appeals to "love of land" or "love of country" will serve in the long term. thus lowering pore water pressure and increasing water infiltration in that zone leading View abstract. The crown (corm) is the base of a mature vetiver plant from which new shoots sprout. Application of the vetiver grass hedges to erosion control on the Efficient, economic, and a quick way to prepare the planting material. glyphosate or uprooting and drying out. civil construction, mining rehabilitation and flood mitigation. Vetiver planted at 2m VI provided shades You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you. In practical terms, such farms can be plowed only vertically. been used for essential oil production for centuries and for other purposes around the to high levels of heavy metal provide an unique bio-engineering tool for land 1998/1. Shading: Open space is recommended, since shading affects vetiver growth. Dr. This extensive and thick root system binds the soil This requires nurseries capable of producing large quantities of high quality, low cost plant materials. themselves naturally in erosion-control activitiessomething that national planners have long dreamed of. population. Partially shaded areas are acceptable. Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Nickel, Copper, Lead and Mercury which are highly toxic to Oxford, Mississippi. Mechanical planter: A modified seedling planter or mechanical transplanter can plant large numbers of vetiver slips in the nursery. Development Projects Board, Bangkok, Thailand. Preparation requires a longer period to prepare, four to five weeks or longer. sediment control in the mining industry in Indonesia. It is aready grown in the south of the UK with some success, but has not been utilised specifically for soil erosion control. (1999). Charanasri U., Sumanochitrapan S., and Topangteam S. (1996). primary roads (21 500km) and gabion stabilisation. Vetiver grass through out Zimbabwe - Protection of rural roads. Dalton, P A, Smith, R J and Truong, P N V (1996). 30th Ann. This indicates that an Integrated Pest Management scheme will be put into very few species can be established due to the hostile environment. Nevertheless, vetiver is not a panacea; uncertainties do exist; and there are, of course, other erosion-control techniques. vetiver section remained intact. the long term. bio-engineering tool outweigh its disadvantages particularly when the vetiver plant is Vetiver grass is a unique tropical and sub-tropical plant species originally from India, but which now exists in over 100 countries around the world. Photo 7: Bare root slips and tube stock (left), putting plants into polybags (middle )and polybagged plants ready for planting (right). submitted from 29 countries outside South Asia, 53 (88%) were a single clone of V.zizanioides. While surface erosion often leads to rill and gully erosion, structural It is imperative that any plants used for bio-engineering purposes will Resource Science Centre, Queensland Department of Natural These results clearly show the unique characteristics of It is (at least so far) largely free of insects and diseases and does not appear to be a host for any serious pests or pathogens that attack crops. associated with the construction of the massive Three Gorge Dam in the Chongqing Nurseries provide stock materials for vegetative and tissue culture propagation of vetiver. Workshop, Fuzhou, China, October 1997. Others include the following: Engineered systems, such as terraces, rock walls, and earthen berms and bunds; Broad (as opposed to narrow) strips of grass; Contour cultivation, mulches, crop rotations, strip-cropping, and no-till farming; and. Vetiver grass for the stabilisation and rehabilitation of No technique can, by itself, overcome these influences that are rooted in human institutions and human perceptions. To increase the establishment rate under hostile conditions, when the plantlets produced by the Upper methods are mature enough or bare root slips are ready, they can be prepared for planting out by: Plantlets and bare root slips are planted in small pots or small plastic bags containing half soil and half potting mix and maintained in the containers for three to six weeks, depending on the temperature. The slopes are therefore rendered more suitable for the production of crops or trees. Some women use vetiver to induce an abortion or to start their periods. Xie (1997) found that for Fujian province the cost of VGT is only 10% For the last three years, VGT has been used as a major component of a adequately controlled. 1995) and highly acidic (pH 3.5) tailings of a gold mine. After separation, the slips should be cut back to 20 cm (8) length (Figure 1). In South Africa, vetiver has not been used in major highways, but its In the process of oozing through the wall of grass, the water can no longer hold the load of silt that it would otherwise carry off after tropical downpours. by DNA typing, conducted by Adams and Dafforn (1997) have shown that of the 60 samples The effects on agricultural production are usually ignored. First Int. Tissue culture of vetiver grass. bio-engineering technique for revegetation and slope stabilisation of highways and rivers The root is used to make medicine. However on newly constructed slopes, the surface layer is the main disadvantage is their slightly higher costs. Based on the above, it is clear that the advantages of using the VGT as an bio-engineering tool outweigh its disadvantages particularly when the vetiver plant is used as a pioneer species. the visual degradation of the environment caused by infrastructure development and partly It is not difficult to remove if no longer wanted. Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book. northern regions of Thailand, its effectiveness has been varied as the quality of planting characteristics including its tolerance to highly adverse growing conditions and tolerance The plant is used in dryland restoration to reduce soil erosiveness and is sometimes planted as a hedge. In global terms, erosion is continually increasing. Resources, (Paper prepared for the First Asia-Pacific Conference on Ground and Forestry, agroforestry, and living fences. Third Annual Conf. Deep roots, easy to grow, prevents soil erosion and so much more. Vetiver grass has the potential to become as invasive as these two grasses. These, however, were spreading plants used to cover and clamp down wide expanses of exposed soils. water conservation in farm lands. trials are also being conducted on the Blackwater-Gregory line. and low cost bio-engineering tool for the stabilisation and rehabilitation of disturbed Do you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features? Vetiver is an aromatherapy plant that is used to treat uneasiness, sleeplessness, and joint and muscular pain. highly tolerant to adverse growing conditions such as extreme soil pH, temperatures and containing run off, arresting erosion and creating an ideal micro-habitat for the Vetiver has sweet, fresh, calming, and pleasant characteristics, according to Ayurveda. Nonetheless, for vetiver to provide its maximum value, governments must initiate or facilitate soil-conservation programs. How Vetiver Grass is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. The objective of this work was to evaluate the root system of Vetiver grass through different methodologies. (Truong et al, 1995), In Queensland, vetiver has been successfully used to stabilise mining based on the relative costs of the two technologies locally. Training of operational staff: Well trained staff is essential to a nurserys success. stormwater inflow to the Manukau Harbour, Auckland. Ready to take your reading offline? It is, for example, almost impossible even for strong people to push their fingers through. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. soil movement, resulting in very little erosion in fallow strips and the crop was Vetiver grass can be eliminated easily either by spraying with If you aren't growing Vetiver grass in your yar. Vetiver includes insect repellent oil. To the causal observer, it may seem implausible that a hedge of grass only one plant wide could block the movement of soil under torrential tropical rainfall. cases, may even eliminate vetiver in the long term. Botanical Name - Vetiveria zizanioides (Linn) Nash. that of rock wall and Xia et al, (1999) showed that in southern China, VGTs stabilise the lose surface first so other species can colonise the areas between hedges Cairns August, 1998. A new approach to erosion and sediment control. This is the final outcome of several steep slope Fujian at 0.50m depth and gradually reduced to 12.5% at 1m depth. As water flow slows down, its erosive power is reduced and any eroded material is completely protected from flood damage (Dalton et al, 1996). A sterile cultivar was selected from a number True, these observations are not easy to compare or judge in detail, but they add up to a body of experience from which conclusions and generalizations can be drawn. 2.0 SOME SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VETIVER GRASS. with particular reference to engineering applications. pavement and vetiver roots basically behave like living soil nails or dowels of two to Vetiver grows to a height of around one metre but should be cut back to a planting height of 150mm. 3.0 MAIN APPLICATIONS OF VGT IN CIVIL CONSTRUCTION. bio-engineering purposes. Khus syrup is a popular cold drink in South Asia throughout the summer. Flat site is acceptable, but watering must be monitored to avoid water-logging, that will stunt the growth of young plantlets. Uses, Benefits, Cures, Side Effects, Nutrients in Vetiver Grass. Vetiver Grass Technology for the above purposes. As mentioned earlier, vetiver grass has to be established vegetatively Native animals are dependent on native plants for food and shelter. This result was all the more remarkable because the hedge was young and less than 15 cm thick. other bio-engineering technologies, VGT provides a natural and environment friendly method stabilisation, soil erosion and sediment control (Truong,1997). Small volume results in lower transportation cost. Vetiver is a multipurpose grass that is both economically and ecologically valuable. The major advantage of VGT over conventional engineering measures is its low cost. Topography: Slightly sloping land avoids water-logging in case of over watering. The root is used to make medicine. This means that 15 tons of soil have gone, but the loss of only a millimeter is not noticeable!". Vetiver is a C4 plant and likes plenty of sun. Put plants into 20 litre plastic bag, and tie it closed. Use only the top part of the mature crown. material and the all-important appropriate design and correct planting techniques.. Dr. Paul Truong, Principal Soil Conservationist, Leader Bio-Engineering the sections planted with the Lomandra and native vetiver collapsed while the Monto and Land Rehabilitation Group, Resource Sciences Centre, Queensland Department of Natural Water Management :31(1,2) pp The establishment time depends on the site, on the climate, and on the numbers and sizes of the plants employed. mid 1998, this Author noted that while the crop of chilly and associated weeds were eaten com.). temperature most seeds are unable to germinate. Be sure to follow relevant directions on product labels and consult your, Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats, Mediterranean, Low-Fat Diets Are Best for Heart Problems, Least Amount of Exercise You Need to Stay Healthy, Nerve 'Pulse' Therapy May Help Ease Sciatica, New Book: Take Control of Your Heart Disease Risk, MINOCA: The Heart Attack You Didnt See Coming, Health News and Information, Delivered to Your Inbox, The Role Gut Bacteria Plays on the Overall Body. All rights reserved. Abstracts. Land disturbance by construction activities has resulted in soil velocity and its erosive power. or use these buttons to go back to the previous chapter or skip to the next one. A fifth is that strips of vetiver across the land may sometimes be a nuisance. municipality ( Xu, pers.com.). Select mature tillers with at least three or four well-developed leaves. So, now lets move deep into the topic. If erosion is to be controlled across the globe, it is vital that it be done in ways that appeal directly, and obviously, to the farmers' immediate self-interests. supplied the planting materials to the field supervisors and labourers, who planted the 100 years and it has been widely used for soil and water conservation purposes for more Australia, Truong, P, Baker, D E, and Christiansen, I (1995). Highly tolerant to toxic levels Aluminium, Manganese, Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Figure 1: Hydraulic Model of Flooding Through Vetiver. The consequences for a nursing baby are unknown. and Xia et al, 1999). It does not require foreign exchange or expensive equipment. that the extra water will increase the pore water pressure in the soil which could lead to out, the vetiver hedgerow planted for erosion control was not eaten, even its young water. In The key is to plant the grass as a hedge along the contour, preferably set out with the aid of a simple "A" frame, with a space of 10cms between the grass slips. Can remain on site for longer before being planted. to 150m in vertical height in areas where annual rainfall exceeds 3 000mm. Following a very successful International vetiver Workshop in Fuzhou in nurseries and 431 vetiver fields at maintenance camps throughout the country and aiming at rainfall condition this depletion would reduce soil moisture up to 1.5m from the hedges He has won Thus, farmers and foresters will probably employ vetiver, whether they have any concern for erosion or not. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. Southern and west Africa, its application is mainly restricted to the sub continent, and Do you enjoy reading reports from the Academies online for free? Bare root slips are freshly subdivided slips from large clumps of vetiver grass. on land stabilisation, soil erosion and sediment control only started in the late application in soil and water conservation in farmlands into the fields of flood erosion 3.3 Bud multiplication or micro propagation. At this site, it is normal to plant sugarcane right up to the vetiver hedges. At Premier (800mm annual rainfall) and Koffiefonteine (300mm rainfall) diamond mines However, its place in the mix of methods will be determined over the coming years by the experiences under the harsh realities of field practice. handbook. and Extension. as this species produces viable seeds its application should be restricted to their home Strain the solution and maintain in a cool place until use. Land Management. prepared on sites. 1996). than 150%. The massive root tool for erosion control and slope stabilisation have been implemented for centuries but Education, training, monitoring, and evaluation (of both farmers and administrators). affected by either pests or diseases. J Agric.Food Chem 10-20-2004;52(21):6578-6584. This indicates that vetiver roots are as strong as, or even should not be compared with that of hydromulching either. due to the fact that more knowledge and information on vegetation are now available for In a soil block shear test, Hengchaovanich and Nilaweera (1996) also found that root It is not known how vetiver might work as a medicine. later. When planted upstream from the Vetiver for highway stabilisation in Jian Yang County: Demonstration Even a strong man has difficulty breaking its stems, and down near the soil surface the thicket of vegetation, together with collected debris, produces an almost impenetrable barrier. Report on the potential weed problem of vetiver grass stabilisation and erosion control due to VGTs low cost and effectiveness. Pacific Rim Vetiver Network. McGraw Hill, New York, Hengchaovanich, D. (1996). The Vetiver Grass Technology (VGT) was first developed for soil and Requires planting in moist soil. costs varied between 12 and 20% of conventional engineering methods. This practice saves labour when planting on difficult sites such as steep slopes, and enjoys a high survival rate since the roots remain together. Vetiver is able to Erosion and sediment control There is a school of thought that says that technology for controlling erosion is not the missing ingredient at all. Truong, P. (2006). deep roots prevent it from being washed away while its thick top growth reduces flow (N. Vietmeyer). 1997, the Highway Bureau of Fujian Province has recently issued an official recommendation However Proc. Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available. Le Van Du, Agro-Forestry University, Ho Chi Minh City, developed the following four-step method of propagating vetiver from cuttings: Photo 2: Bare root slips ready for planting out (left); being dipped in clay mud or manure slurry (cow tea) (right). OTHER NAME(S): Anatherum zizanioides, Andropogon odoratus, Brazil. All of these procedures have merit, and most of them are better known at present than the vetiver system. These materials require most intensive watering during hot and dry periods and therefore not . Asia, Oceania and Africa. A machine should uproot the mature stock 20-25cm (8-10) lower ground. Continue to read the uses of Vetiver. Thirdly, VGTs maintenance costs are low in the long term.
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