biopolymer removal united states
Solutions containing XG are non-Newtonian with high pseudoplasticity, which means that their viscosity decreases with an increase in shear stress25. Hataf, N., Ghadir, P. & Ranjbar, N. Investigation of soil stabilization using chitosan biopolymer. [7] Collagen films have all been used for gene delivery carriers which can promote bone formation. Observation of the biopolymer-soil interaction leads to two main conclusions. Do not opt for home, hotel, or spa injectable treatments by an unqualified practitioner. The drying effect on xanthan gum biopolymer treated sandy soil shear strength. Biopolymers that do this can be marked with a 'compostable' symbol, under European Standard EN 13432 (2000). Stabil. If material is not included in the articles Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the articles Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. Sincerely, Dr. Katzen. Rapid population growth and urbanization often cause the need to build over soft and unfavorable soil present in adverse surroundings. Our state of the art clinic with experienced and top-notch experts is ready to help you regain your confidence, beauty, and health! This is the process in which binding sites along the polymer chain bind with the metal in the water forming chelates. I've also seen it migrate upwards. Google Scholar. The only series of specimens that did not follow this trend was with 2% XG and 2% CHI. Like other polymers, biopolymers consist of monomeric units that are covalently bonded in chains to form larger molecules. Youngs modulus was extracted from the slope of the straight line passing through the origin. Collagen sponges: Collagen sponges are used as a dressing to treat burn victims and other serious wounds. The food consumed encapsulated with the biopolymer film can supply these things to the body. Bacic, A., Fincher, G. B. The friction angle of XG-treated soil was 57 after five days of curing, but it dropped by 10 in the period between five and 30 days and it was close to the friction angle of the plain soil. 74, 6572 (2015). Figure1 depicts the grain size distribution curve for Piedmont residual soil used for this study. On the other hand, Karimi47 showed that the maximum deviatoric stress of 1% XG-treated silt can decrease in the period between five and 30 days. Biopolymers represent promising and challenging adsorbents for aquatic environments' decontamination from organic and inorganic pollutants, allowing for protection of the environment and living. Biopolymers are polymeric materials derived from biological sources. NYC board certified plastic surgeon Dr. Jeremy Nikfarjam is one of just a handful of surgeons in the world who specialize in silicone removal. Daily temperature and relative humidity measured in the field are summarized in Fig. The team at New You Plastic Surgery understands your situation and wants to help. Injections of various foreign materials have been around for as long as there have been sharp hollow tubes and foreign materials. ", I would recommend removal of the foreign material if at all possible. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. Dead fat cannot simply be removed by the liposuction process or with any type of liposuction technique. The solution is characterized by high viscosity. The DS test is commonly used to determine the cohesion and internal friction angle of soil. Skin that is discolored, purple, or black is severely damaged and may not heal after surgery or may require additional surgeries just for the removal of this dead or compromised tissue. Smidsrd, O. What shall I do? J. Geotech. Khatami & OKelly40 showed that agar and starch increase the cohesion of sand but reduce the friction angle. I had an ultrasound and have silicomas in my lymph nodes. An example of a compostable polymer is PLA film under 20m thick: films which are thicker than that do not qualify as compostable, even though they are "biodegradable". Clean. Are they dangerous? At the time, there were only palliative treatments being offered- patients were treated with antibiotics and pain medications then discharged. M.M. The formation of XG can clearly be seen as a coating agent surrounding coarse-grained particles and bridging the particles that are not in direct contact. Sci. Any patient who has been injected with an illicit foreign body can be a candidate for Dr. Nikfarjams silicone removal procedure. Soil. The effect of XG on soil properties was investigated by various researchers and it was found that XG can considerably increase the compressive and shear strength of soils, especially of soils that contain a significant amount of fine-grained aggregates14,17,18. The mold for the specimens which were tested for unconfined compression had a diameter of 3.3cm and a height of 7.1cm. (a) Daily temperature and relative humidity measured in the field, (b) Specimens exposed to atmospheric conditions, (c) Strength of the specimens with 2% XG (after being exposed to atmospheric conditions) compared with the strength of plain soil specimens which were kept in the laboratory for 30 days. J. Photo of the splitting tensile test (left), direct shear test (middle-left), the unconfined compressive test (middle-right), and the triaxial test (right) specimens with their dimensions (all dimensions are in centimeters). Specimens for the unconfined compression and splitting tensile test were tested after one hour, five days, and 30 days of the preparation. Scaffolds and films with gelatin allow for the scaffolds to hold drugs and other nutrients that can be used to supply to a wound for healing. Build. However, if the condition of the tissue and silicone is causing a great deal of inflammation, swelling, itching, pain, or other constitutional symptoms, these issues will certainly not improve over time without surgical intervention. Prod. 2) The patient wanted to make the area appear smoother and make the buttocks appear shorter and rounder without a lot of loose, hanging skin. Today we are sharing with you all the experience of one of our patients. He responds to all my emails within a short period of time. Figure11b depicts the SEM image of the GG-treated silty sand from this study. In fact, in 2002, the production of cement contributed about six percent to the worlds CO2 emission2, and Andrew1 had pointed out the possible increase of that number in more recent years. Quite to the contrary, a significant portion of Dr. Kenneth Hughess practice is removing foreign material injected into patients by non-plastic surgeons and non-doctors sometimes in hotel rooms or garages. Correspondence to A10.1061/(ASCE)MT.19435533.0001706 (2016). Mater. Dr. Kenneth Hughes removes these types of materials on a regular basis and he attempts to do so through very small incisions placed and hidden appropriately. Bourriot, S., Garnier, C. & Doublier, J.-L. In this study, UU was performed in accordance with ASTM D2850-1538. In the period between five and 30 days, specimens with 1, 2 and 4% BG had improved for 22, 20 and 34%, respectively (Fig. In 2016, in the United States alone, the number of treatments based on new technologies in aesthetic medicine reached 2.6 million, including as many as 2 million patients who opted for hyaluronic acid treatment. A Utah mayor is demanding one of his local school boards immediately remove more than 100 controversial books from its school libraries. It was then that he knew he had to find a solution for this underserved population. The thin foil that is spreading in the crack in Fig. [6] Compared to synthetic polymers, which can present various disadvantages like immunogenic rejection and toxicity after degradation, many biopolymers are normally better with bodily integration as they also possess more complex structures, similar to the human body. W. Only those polymers that have achieved the most promising results in the prior testing were used in the UU testing program, namely, BG, GG, and XG. Mater. Inflammatory lesions may develop at injection sites many years later or not at all for some substances that permanently fill the soft tissues. The electrical surface charge in coarse-grained soils is practically non-existent; thus, the bond that is created between coarse-grained material and biopolymer can be presented as a thin film wrapped around coarse particles9. Tests were performed an hour after the preparation and every 24hours during a period of five days. However, for the period between five and 30 days of curing, the friction angle dropped from 51 to 37 which was lower than the friction angle of the plain soil. Performed in an in-patient hospital setting with several dedicated teams who specialize in this condition. If the silicone migrates beyond the injection site, it can lead to embolism, stroke, or infection. 11d is BG linking. Choi, S.-G., Wang, K. & Chu, J. Chitosan is another popular biopolymer in biomedical research. UU tests were carried out after five and 30 days of curing. XG is a polysaccharide made by the fermentation of a carbohydrate-source medium e.g. Starch being biodegradable and renewable is used for many applications including plastics and pharmaceutical tablets. 2) and left to cure for a specific amount of time. Biopolymers as a sustainable solution for the enhancement of soil mechanical properties. The straight shape allows the molecules to pack closely. Polylactic acid (PLA) is very common in the food industry due to is clear color and resistance to water. These materials can cause severe reactions including pain, inflammation, stroke, pulmonary embolism, and even death. Best,lDr. Google Scholar. Water was the most important factor in the preparation of the specimens. Hi there. Cellulose: Cellulose is very structured with stacked chains that result in stability and strength. cosmetic industry, food industry27, oil and gas drilling industry28, and in civil engineering18. UU test is the fastest triaxial test which can be used to find the maximum deviatoric stress and undrained shear strength at different confining pressures. The treatment varies from patient to patient. Thus, once again, it can be concluded that biopolymers need curing time to achieve their potential. This wound dressing is also very biocompatible, biodegradable and has porous structures that allows cells to grow into the dressing.[3]. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles Chitosan has been shown to be an excellent candidate for use in storm and waste water treatment.[8]. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Article Therefore, CHI was excluded from further research of this type. After the injection of all permanent fillers, a response to a foreign body attempting to remove the injected substance is often observed by clinicians. There are a number of excellent surgeons in the area. A. Chemistry, Biochemistry, And Biology of (13)--glucans And Related Polysaccharides. Such a sequence is called the primary structure of the biopolymer. Grain size distribution curve yielded the results for the coefficient of curvature and coefficient of uniformity as 1.5 and 10, respectively. The usage of the acidic water was avoided in this study because of its possible negative effect on the environment. Karamanoukian Grade II and III soft tissue reaction responds very well to surgical removal. However, the difference in the compressive strengths between ALG samples with different concentration levels was not high. Chang & Cho22,23 showed that BG can increase the compressibility of soil, as well as the plasticity index and the compressive strength. The reason for that was the fact that ALG required a binding agent, such as calcium chloride, which has the ability to hold the ALG chain-molecules together. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition (2023), Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy (2023), Environment, Development and Sustainability (2023). Earth Plan. Whats more, the achievements of modern aesthetic medicine make it possible to become convinced that virtually all areas of our body can be treated with different types of fillers. The exact chemical composition and the sequence in which these units are arranged is called the primary structure, in the case of proteins. 142, 486492 (2017). It is evident that the treated specimens had higher strength even after being exposed to the influence of the environment. volume10, Articlenumber:267 (2020) Dr. Kenneth Hughes utilizes a technique that preserves as much . Unlike UC and ST test results, the difference in the maximum deviatoric stress of specimens tested after five and 30 days of preparation was notable. 11c as well, where lumps of fine particles were formed due to the presence of XG. The reason behind that is that biopolymers tend to dissolve in water48. As in the case of the unconfined compression, most of the strength was achieved during the first five days. Soil Improvement Using MICP and Biopolymers: A Review. Li, M., Fang, C., Kawasaki, S. & Achal, V. Fly ash incorporated with biocement to improve strength of expansive soil. Fillers used in aesthetic medicine are laboratory formulated in a way that provides safety, comfort, and beautiful outcomes if performed correctly. Biopolymer removal consists of eliminating the hazardous substance from your body by renowned and qualified practitioners. The potential use of chitosan as a biopolymer additive for enhanced mechanical properties and water resistance of earthen construction. Properties and applications of xanthan gum. Biopolymers are organic polymers that are produced by different biological organisms7. Which I think is ammmmazing. In addition to their many essential roles in living organisms, biopolymers have applications in many fields including the food industry, manufacturing, packaging, and biomedical engineering. I'm sorry to hear you have biopolymer injections. Dr. Nikfarjam began taking on silicone removal cases that other surgeons had turned away. Latifi, N. et al. Silicone Breast Injection. Nano-cellulose presented at low concentrations produces a transparent gel material. The cohesion of BG-treated soil, after five days, was half of the cohesion of the plain soil, but the cohesion increased by 100 kPa between five and 30 days after curing. It is evident that the strength is considerably higher after five and 30 days than the strength which was achieved within one hour after preparation. Constr. It can be seen that for the biopolymer-treated specimens, an increase in the biopolymer concentration resulted in the increase of its compressive strength. & Siebert-Raths, A. Silicone is a well-known preparation that has been used for over 40 years as a kind of oily suspension containing polymethyl siloxane polymers (the combination of silicone, oxygen, and methane molecules). Because of this, collagen is one of the most easily attainable biopolymers, and used for many research purposes. Treatments allow for skin rejuvenation, restoration of the lost volume, modeling some of the bodys parts, lip augmentation, or non-surgical rhinoplasty. I've been performing this surgery for about 20 years now with thousands of patients. Several samples that were prepared in the same manner were tested in each test, and the average values of the results are presented in this chapter. Metz, B., Davidson, O., de Coninck, H., Loos, M. & Meyer, L. Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage. The most common chemical stabilizing agents that are used for chemical soil stabilization are cement and lime. Constr. Aguilar, R. et al. Frequently, the patient does not know if the injector has any credentials at all. Illicit silicone injections is a cosmetic procedure that are most often performed on the buttocks/ hips but are also seen in breasts, face, lips, male chest, and calves. Therefore, further research should be conducted to investigate in greater detail the durability of biopolymers in relation to environmental influence. Publishers note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Also, regarding what to do with silicomas in your lymph nodes, I highly suggest you have the silicone and the scar tissue removed from both breasts as soon as possible. Graduate Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849-5337, USA, Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182-1324, USA, Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849-5337, USA, You can also search for this author in Proc. Yeast, fungi, cellulose, cereals and some bacteria contain BG30. Type B is derived by alkaline hydrolysis containing 18% nitrogen and no amide groups. While we do connect people with vetted, board-certified doctors, we dont provide medical consultations, diagnosis, or advice. To obtain Apparently, the other surgeon was unsure if something other than fat had been injected into this patient. XG had the highest impact on the increase of compressive strength. 7(4), 309314 (2017). Prog. These removal surgeries may require 1, 2 or more surgeries to get as much removed as possible. Chitosan as an anti-microbial agent: Chitosan is used to stop the growth of microorganisms. These can be converted in the following pathways: Sugar beet > Glyconic acid > Polyglyconic acid, Starch > (fermentation) > Lactic acid > Polylactic acid (PLA), Biomass > (fermentation) > Bioethanol > Ethene > Polyethylene. In addition, it was noticed that the dissolving process was not the same for all ALG concentrations. Injections of Silicone/ Biopolymer substances are primarily performed on the illegal black market. Currently, CHI is present in the cosmetic industry, pharmaceutical industry, agriculture33, food industry, and in civil engineering16. These include hydrogel-type materials and silicone along with other injected oils. It's important to choose a surgeon who has years of experience, before and after pictures, and someone that you trust. Our practice can offer various ethically-performed body enhancement procedures to correct the damage done by silicone injections and provide beautiful and safe results. Many times the patients really have run out of options or have no options when they seek out Dr. Hughes expertise. Rosalam, S. & England, R. Review of xanthan gum production from unmodified starches by Xanthomonas comprestris sp. initiated the study. Google Scholar. Hazard. This is most likely due to the different preparation method of ALG-improved specimens, which accentuates the importance of the preparation method. The most popular areas of aesthetic enhancement include buttocks, hips, breasts, face, and muscles, all of which often become victims of the silicone injections. Liposuction can only remove lower-density materials through the power of vacuum suction. It was found that the improvement in strength during the period between five and 30 days for the plain specimens was 10%. Geotech. 22-60111 2 over the claims the BIA did not reach, and we determine that Petitioners . In order to achieve these objectives, five different biopolymer types (XG, BG, GG, CHI, and ALG), three different biopolymer concentrations (1%, 2%, and 4%), and several different curing times were investigated. Proteins can also be modified to include non-peptide components, such as saccharide chains and lipids. The specimens with 1% XG, GG and BG were mixed in the previously described manner and tested for UC (Fig. Marta Mileti. 71148 (2011). However, their use raises many environmental concerns such as CO2 emissions due to cement production1, prevention of vegetation growth, groundwater contamination, and heat island creation, to name a few. This material can be used for biodegradable, homogeneous, dense films that are very useful in the biomedical field. Figure3 shows the influence of different types and different concentrations of biopolymers on the compressive strength of the wet specimens which were tested within an hour of the preparation. The authors declare no competing interests. The question is where to place the incision and how long to make the incision. Collagen:[3] Collagen is the primary structure of vertebrates and is the most abundant protein in mammals. Consult with 3 board certified plastic surgeons in your area, and choose the one that best meets your needs/objectives. For the UU test, changes recorded in the mechanical properties between five and 30 days were considerable. Dr. Nikfarjam believes that this is a medical condition requiring true medical care. Fillers can be divided into non-biodegradable and biodegradable. In this case, water was not sprayed into the soil, but the dissolved alginate was mixed with the base soil. In the same period, the friction angle reduced from 48 to 36 which was lower in value than the final friction angle of the plain soil. Small fractions of biopolymer-treated soil, with a size of 0.20.3cm3, were glued to a carbon tape on the top of aluminum stubs. After that time period, water content and compressive strength became constant. Please see Dr. Kenneth Hughess videos on YouTube for more specific examples. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering (2019). Four types of biopolymers (XG, GG, CHI, and BG) were mixed into the soil with three different concentrations (1%, 2%, and 4%) with the respect to the mass of the base soil. The inverse proportionality of water content and compressive strength is a typical relationship that was reported in other research as well18,22. `as a Biopolymer Removal Procedure. Approx. However, the change in the friction angle of pure sand was found negligible. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Rev. Silicone, when injected into areas with many blood vessels such as the buttocks, can travel to other parts of the body and block blood vessels in the lungs, heart, or brain. However, these biological approaches require the introduction of a large microbial community and cementation reagents to the soil to create a highly specialized growth environment for the bacteria which may result in the generation of effluent ammonia. Posted by My Cosmetic Surgery Miami on Tuesday, January 21, 2020 Gelatin contains many functional groups like NH2, SH, and COOH which allow for gelatin to be modified using nanoparticles and biomolecules. Nanofibers and microfibers can be added to the polymer matrix to increase the mechanical properties of starch improving elasticity and strength. Additional testing was performed in order to closely determine the time needed for the specimens to achieve their compressive strength. The Polynucleotides, RNA and DNA, are long polymers of nucleotides. He will review your situation and health history and make recommendations on the best treatment options for you. Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. Dr. Nikfarjams silicone removal procedure is performed in three stages: Dr. Nikfarjam wants you to know that help is available and that you are not alone in your struggle! I didn't think I had that much fat for him to transfer. Data 10, 195217 (2018). It can be concluded that biopolymer links are more exposed in pure sand and that interaction of biopolymers with water will happen faster in that type of soil than in soil with a high concentration of fine particles. Biopolymer Removal Arianna se retir los biopolmeros hace 6 meses y regres para reconstruirse los glteos con un transfer con el Dr Jeffrey LaGrasso. Biopolymers as a sustainable solution for the enhancement of soil mechanical properties, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-57135-x. Eng. reviewed the manuscript. Without the fibers, starch has poor mechanical properties due to its sensitivity to moisture. In this study, during the first hour after the preparation, all tensile strengths were in the range of 2060 kPa, and biopolymer-improved soil tensile strengths did not show a major deviation from the tensile strength of the plain soil (Fig. Most recently, Dr. Kenneth Hughes removed a great deal of fat necrosis from an individual and then removed a great deal of skin from the buttock fold at the same time. Like other polymers, biopolymers consist of monomeric units that are covalently bonded in chains to form larger molecules. I don't know of surgeons in the Dominican Republic who remove this product. Similar as in the cases with XG and GG, BG also increased the maximum deviatoric stress of the specimens that were tested in the UU test. It is evident from the plot that the soil compressive strength considerably improved with time and biopolymer concentration. The ideal candidate for a biopolymer removal procedure is anyone who underwent any type of foreign body injections, including loose silicone or industrial hyaluronic acids. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. In addition, I highly recommend Regards, Some plastics are now referred to as being 'degradable', 'oxy-degradable' or 'UV-degradable'. Stupp, S.I and Braun, P.V., "Role of Proteins in Microstructural Control: Biomaterials, Ceramics & Semiconductors", Food microbiology Microbial biopolymers, "Applications of Discrete Synthetic Macromolecules in Life and Materials Science: Recent and Future Trends", "Biomedical Biopolymers, their Origin and Evolution in Biomedical Sciences: A Systematic Review", "Carbon fiber from natural biopolymer Bombyx mori silk fibroin with iodine treatment", "Biopolymers Application in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology", "Biopolymers in Medical Implants: A Brief Review", "NNFCC Renewable Polymers Factsheet: Bioplastics", NNFCC Newsletter Issue 5. This presents a unique situation in which Dr. Kenneth Hughes possesses the tools and skills to remedy a situation that others do not possess. I'm currently looking for a plastic surgeon in the Dominican Republic that can remove the biopolymer injected to my buttocks. Therefore, the main objectives of this research are to develop an eco-friendly, biopolymer-based soil improvement and to investigate the effect of biopolymers on soil strength. If you cannot find an experienced, buttock silicone removal surgeon in your neighborhood, consider traveling out of state if you must. Ayeldeen, M., Negm, A., El-Sawwaf, M. & Kitazume, M. Enhancing mechanical behaviors of collapsible soil using two biopolymers. Unfortunately, it is not possible to completely remove the biopolymer and not result in a significant deformity of the area involved. Various adverse events may result from the industrial silicones used for unapproved medical purposes. "Biopolymers" redirects here. Dr. Kenneth Hughes in Los Angeles was able to remove the majority of the silicone and somehow improve the aesthetic appearance as well. 1045 Northern Blvd 2nd Floor, Roslyn, NY, 11576, 461 Park Avenue South 3rd floor, New York, NY, 10016, 11 Liberty Street , Poughkeepsie, NY, 12601, click here to learn more about the insurance policies we can work with, Chronic pain of the buttocks, pelvis, and back, Recurrent swelling of injected areas and adjacent areas, Pustules of product and/or infectious material, Silicone can cause chronic, recurrent inflammatory responses within the body, Foreign body substance in the buttocks cause chronic and debilitating nerve pain, Non-sterile injections can cause infection and cellulitis, Many silicone patients share the same common symptoms and pathologies, Each stage is pre-authorized through a patients insurance policy (. https://beverlyhills.timothykatzenmd.com/procedures/silicone-injection-removal/closed-injection-removal-beverly-hills-ca, http://www.kareplasticsurgery.com/revision/silicone-removal/. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The exact placement of the linkage can vary, and the orientation of the linking functional groups is also important, resulting in - and -glycosidic bonds with numbering definitive of the linking carbons' location in the ring. Alginate biopolymer applications range from packaging, textile and food industry to biomedical and chemical engineering. Furthermore, it has been observed that the biopolymer-treated specimens showed better resistance to the influence of the environmental conditions. Furthermore, in order to obtain Youngs modulus, E, of a sample from an unconfined uniaxial compressive test, the applied load, and a longitudinal deformation were recorded. I had an ultrasound and have silicomas in my lymph nodes. Some of these biodegradable biopolymers are compostable: they can be put into an industrial composting process and will break down by 90% within six months. Quite frequently, the patient already has defects or skin damage preceding any type of removal surgery. Biopolymer-based materials are already widely used in biomedical applications such as drug delivery and tissue engineering due to their biocompatibility and bioactivity. Improving soil engineering properties is an inevitable process before construction on soft soil. J. Biol. If you are suffering from complications due to the injection of foreign materials, contact our office to schedule a consultation. Internet Explorer). For the soil that was used in this research, the optimum biopolymer concentration of XG was close to 2%, whereas the optimum GG concentration was close to 1%.
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