which of the following statements about filtering information is accurate?
Julia Koller, Karen Mossberger, professor and director of the School of Public Affairs at Arizona State University, wrote, The spread of fake news is not merely a problem of bots, but part of a larger problem of whether or not people exercise critical thinking and information-literacy skills. That is to say, things will become better but not necessarily good., AI, blockchain, crowdsourcing and other technologies will further enhance our ability to filter and qualify the veracity of information., There will be new visual cues developed to help news consumers distinguish between trusted news sources and others., Accurate facts are essential, particularly within a democracy, so this will be a high, shared value worthy of investment and government support, as well as private-sector initiatives., We are only at the beginning of drastic technological and societal changes. It must also elevate information literacy to be a primary goal of education, Theme 1: The information environment will not improve. That means the continuing bifurcation of haves and have-nots, when it comes to trusted news and information., An anonymous editor and publisher commented, Sadly, many Americans will not pay attention to ANY content from existing or evolving sources. We were in this position before, when printing presses broke the existing system of information management. Lying is a powerful way to do that. D) A majority of incongruent items leading to a decreased Stroop effect. When you query table information, you can filter records with the WHERE clause to extract only those records that fulfill a specific expression. (See About this canvassing of experts for details about this sample.) Many respondents expressed concerns about how peoples struggles to find and apply accurate information contribute to a larger social and political problem: There is a growing deficit in commonly accepted facts or some sort of cultural common ground. Why has this happened? Chicago, IL:American Libraries Live. $45.84$34.38. We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. A share of these respondents urged action in two areas: A bolstering of the public-serving press and an expansive, comprehensive, ongoing information literacy education effort for people of all ages. Being banned from social media is one obvious one. The information environment will NOT improve In the next 10 years, on balance, the information environment will NOT BE improved by changes designed to reduce the spread of lies and other misinformation online. Anthony overslept and has three voicemails on his phone from his boss telling him to come into work immediately, for an emergency planning meeting. People tend to filter downward communication more than upward communication. This is a wake-up call to the news industry, policy makers and journalists to refine the system of news production., Maja Vujovic, senior copywriter for the Comtrade Group, predicted, The information environment will be increasingly perceived as a public good, making its reliability a universal need. The audiences typically are looking for information that fits their belief systems, so it is a really tough problem.. Which of the following statements about visual search tasks is most correct? Two columns in a cell range can be filtered independently. Such an effort, some said, might prepare more people to be wise in what they view/read/believe and possibly even serve to upgrade the overall social norms of information sharing. Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. He recently read a memo from one, department presenting a new idea for a product. Question options: Provides Clarity Creates Commitment Builds Relationships Defines Roles. The average man or woman in America today has less knowledge of the underpinnings of his or her daily life than they did 50 or a hundred years ago. C) Single filter model Algorithmic solutions to replacing human judgment are subject to hidden bias and will ultimately fail to accomplish this goal. The quality of information will not improve in the coming years, because technology cant improve human nature all that much. An analysis of misinformation from five samples across the United States, Europe, and Mexico showed that substantial portions of each populationanywhere from 15% to 37%believed misinformation about COVID-19 in April and May 2020, representing what the authors call a "major threat to public health.". Theres also the issue of subtle nuances or differences of opinion or interpretation. What we dont know is how to make it a thriving business. Some comments are lightly edited for style or length. Mental filtering is draining and straining all positives in a situation and, instead, dwelling on its negatives. A) Reaction time If there is a great amount of pressure from the industry to solve this problem (which there is), then methodologies will be developed and progress will be made to help mitigate this issue in the long run. It is also human nature to come together and fix problems: The hopeful experts in this canvassing took the view that people have always adapted to change and that this current wave of challenges will also be overcome. And people can gain more creating fake information (both monetary and in notoriety) than they can keeping it from occurring., Serge Marelli, an IT professional who works on and with the Net, wrote, As a group, humans are stupid. It is group mind or a group phenomenon or, as George Carlin said, Never underestimate the power of stupid people in large groups. Then, you have Kierkegaard, who said, People demand freedom of speech as a compensation for the freedom of thought which they seldom use. And finally, Euripides said, Talk sense to a fool and he calls you foolish., Starr Roxanne Hiltz, distinguished professor of information systems and co-author of the visionary 1970s book The Network Nation, replied, People on systems like Facebook are increasingly forming into echo chambers of those who think alike. B) The late selection filter because it allows for higher-order information to be processed even if physically irrelevant. It is a social condition, like crime, that you must constantly monitor and adjust to. I suspect this will play out differently in different parts of the world., Clay Shirky, vice provost for educational technology at New York University, replied, News is not a stable category it is a social bargain. to send it. The public must fund and support the production of objective, accurate information. If you are looking to find a blue circle, in which of the following sets would you have the fastest reaction time? Which one of the following statements about Filtering and Sorting is true? A leading researcher studying the spread of misinformation observed, I know systems like blockchain are a start, but in some ways analog systems (e.g., scanned voting ballots) can be more resilient to outside influence than digital solutions such as increased encryption. National Conference of State Legislatures (updated periodically), (Note: The American Library Association does not endorse or recommend any internet filtering software. Since as far back as the era of radio and before, as Winston Churchill said, A lie can go around the world before the truth gets its pants on., Michael J. Oghia, an author, editor and journalist based in Europe, said he expects a worsening of the information environment due to five things: 1) The spread of misinformation and hate; 2) Inflammation, sociocultural conflict and violence; 3) The breakdown of socially accepted/agreed-upon knowledge and what constitutes fact. 4) A new digital divide of those subscribed (and ultimately controlled) by misinformation and those who are enlightened by information based on reason, logic, scientific inquiry and critical thinking. Irresponsibility Social. Philip B. Stark In order to reduce the spread of fake news, we must deincentivize it financially. C) The early selection filter because it allows higher-order information to be processed even if physically irrelevant. Solving this problem will require larger changes in society., A number of respondents mentioned market capitalism as a primary obstacle to improving the information environment. Some predicted better methods will arise to create and promote trusted, fact-based news sources. By Bob Bocher with the Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction, Library Internet Filtering Update (2012) You call her name and ask for instructions on the next step but she seems not to hear you. Most of the respondents who gave hopeful answers about the future of truth online said they believe technology will be implemented to improve the information environment. D) Filtering enables a user to examine and analyze a subset of records. For every fact there is a counterfact and all these counterfacts and facts look identical online, which is confusing to most people.. A new system emerged and I believe we have the motivation and capability to do it again. Its not that the environment will get better, its that those younger will be better fitted to survive it., Danny Rogers, founder and CEO of Terbium Labs, replied, Things always improve. How has economic globalization positively influenced world politics? Many of those who expect no improvement of the information environment said those who wish to spread misinformation are highly motivated to use innovative tricks to stay ahead of the methods meant to stop them. In addition, there will be a reaction to the prevalence of false information so that people are more willing to act to assure their information will be accurate., Howard Rheingold, pioneer researcher of virtual communities, longtime professor and author of Net Smart: How to Thrive Online, noted, As I wrote in Net Smart in 2012, some combination of education, algorithmic and social systems can help improve the signal-to-noise ratio online with the caveat that misinformation/disinformation versus verified information is likely to be a continuing arms race. D) Pitch. How much power are we turning over to them to govern our social discourse? A pure collaborative algorithm cannot recommend an item if there are . Still, the more hopeful among these experts argue that progress is inevitable as people and organizations find coping mechanisms. An information filtering system is a system that removes redundant or unwanted information from an information stream using (semi)automated or computerized methods prior to presentation to a human user. These incumbents are locked into monopoly power over our information ecosystem and as they drain advertising money from all other low-cost commercial media they impoverish the public sphere.. There are multiple information streams, public and private, that spread this information online. They will keep unfriending those who dont, and passing on rumors and fake news that agrees with their point of view. () Listen RESPONSE BOARD Do you agree that Bernie Ebbers's lack of conflict-management skills was a contributing factor in the fall of WorldCom? One potential remedy these respondents suggested is a massive compulsory crusade to educate all in digital-age information literacy. Which of the following would result in the fastest visual search time amongst an array consisting of green and red B's and green, blue, and red D's?